Carrying on from the Decisions, Decisions post (part I)…
In my last post I chatted about the benefit of training and racing short course to later improve over the Ironman distance.
Lance Watson (Lisa Bentley’s long time coach and now Chris Lieto’s coach) wrote on the same topic but in terms of developing youth. It is an interesting quick read and (I believe) supports the arguements I made in my previous post. Check it out at triathlete magazine online.
Now, I would like to take a few steps back and discuss my thoughts on training youth/juniors/seniors. I am talking about 12-18 year olds. This is a hotly debated topic amongst coaches. On one side you have coaches who really empahsize interval training, speed training and racing with young athlete’s. On the other side you have coaches who beleive this is the prime time to develop their aerobic capacity and plumbing with miles and miles of aerobic training but still race.
In the United States, the common model is to do interval training and train hard for shorter distances. As the athlete ages then they race longer distances until they find a distance they really like which often coincides with a distance they are good at. This is even carried on in college programs. There are exceptions, notably, Wetmore at Univ of CO (Boulder) who is known to drive up the miles with his cross country team.
On the other side you have coaches like Arthur Lidyard. I actually went to a talk by Arthur Lidyard in Boulder in 2000. Lidyard is one of the most famous running coaches in the world as he known for coaching multiple gold medal runners in the Olympics. He definetly believes in the miles approach. During the talk, he felt that the US was not doing well in running because there high school and college programs were trying to build winners in high schoold and college. Later on in college and afterwads the runners simply did not have the durability, were burnt out on hard intervals or simply lacked the the proper aerobic development to do well on the international stage.
I personally believe Lidyard did a lot of things right in developing his runner’s. Sometimes when you read about Lidyard secondhand you get the belief that all he prescribed was long runs and big volume. This is far from the truth. Although his programs foundation lies in longer runs done 3-6X per week, there is still ample intensity and strength training. Just not to the same extent as your local track coach may suggest.
With my background in exercise science, years of reading about this stuff and subsequently years of pounding the pavement I truly beleive you need both. I lean more towards the Lidyard approach though. Some people think he prescribes runs that are too long for junior high and high school kids. In his schedules (Running with Lydiard, 2000 published by Meyer and Meyer Sport) he prescribes runs that are 0.75 to 1.5 hrs long for 13-14 year old middle distance runner’s and to do these 3-4 times per week. The critic’s of this approach usually have two key arguments:
1. Runs that long are too hard on the developing (growing) athlete. Damage could be done to their joints.
2. Runs this long are not good pschologically for these athletes.
#1 – I have yet to find any evidence that shows running is bad for developing athlete’s. Especially long (i.e. slow) aerobic running. If you have a healthy youth, who is taught correct form and progresses properly then you can only improve their bone and joint health. In today’s soceity, the opposite is usually true. Those that do not participate do not stimulate bone growth and do not get stronger as they grow and eventually develop bone/jt problems in their adult years. Plus, I have a hard time beleiving running easy for 60minutes is harder on a developing body then playing hockey, football, soccer or volleyball?
#2 – It is psychologically unhealthy. Running for 1hr a day is a lot easier than doing farm chores for 1-2hrs a day. Are we really getting that soft on our youth? Sure, at first running for 60 minutes is boring, even 30minutes would be boring to most people. But, if you are a runner or if you have aspirations to be a very good runner then you do it. Once you get used to it, you actually enjoy it and then you actually crave it. The only way to get good at something is to do it and then do it some more. That is the start of learning how to be successful in anything in life. I could not think of any better psychological lessons to learn than perserverence, commitment, confidence and resilence. All of which sport (like distance running) can provide. If you do not put youth in challenging situations they will never learn how to be successful. It is the same with math, why would it be different for anything else in life.
I am sure there are more critisms out there and maybe I will address them in the future. But, to start wrapping this up, I think Lance Watson’s arguement in his artice is a great one and I think Lydiard’s model for aerobic development is very important. Your first impression may be that they are prescribing two totally different programs and I can not speak for either of them but I think there are a lot more similiarities than there are differences.
An athlete at any age needs a strong aerobic foundation. This is why we do base training. This is why we periodize training over many years for Olympic athletes (not just triathletes). Sure, an Olympic distance triathlete does not need the endurance of an Ironman athlete but they still need a sufficient base and a certain level of aerobic development. AND, if they want to be fast then they need to do intensity and sport specific strength training. Even Lidyard places intensity in his programs. Fartleks, bounds, strides, time trials and even some intervals are part of his program. If you want to get good then you need to do both (quantity and quality).
In summary, I beleive it really helps to get fast at shorter distance triathlons before stepping up to half ironmans and ironmans. But, I think a lot of coaches and athlete’s training for short course events are still lacking the commiment to aerobic mileage that is needed to meet their goals.
In the end, triathlons are aerobic activities that last at least 1hr for most people. They are not 10, 20 or 30s sprints.
—Scott